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1. Adaptation of plum pox virus to a herbaceous host (Pisum sativum) following serial passages

Description:
Includes references
Author:
Wallis, C.M. , Stone, A.L. , Sherman, D.J. , Damsteegt, V.D. , Gildow, F.E. , Schneider, W.L.
Subject:
Pisum sativum , peas , Plum pox virus , host range , alternative hosts , host plants , Prunus persica , peaches , virulence , disease course , strains , strain differences , disease transmission , nucleotide sequences , microbial genetics , mutation , virus replication , insect vectors , Aphidoidea , insect pests
Collection:
Journal Articles, USDA Authors, Peer-Reviewed
Year:
2007

2. Assessing Potential Pathogenicity of Avian Influenza Virus: Current and Experimental System

Description:
Paper presented at the Sixth International Symposium on Avian Influenza held April 3-6, 2006, Cambridge, England.
Author:
Lee, C.W. , Lee, Y.J. , Swayne, D. , Senne, D. , Linares, J. , Suarez, D.
Subject:
Influenza A virus , pathogenicity , strains , strain differences , microbial genetics , nucleotide sequences , hemagglutinins , genes , virulence , chickens , international trade , genotype , phenotype , genetic markers , fibroblasts , embryo (animal)
Collection:
Journal Articles, USDA Authors, Peer-Reviewed
Year:
2007

3. Genetic and Phenotypic Variation of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus during Serial Passages in a Natural Host

Description:
Includes references
Author:
Carrillo, C. , Lu, Z. , Borca, M.V. , Vagnozzi, A. , Kutish, G.F. , Rock, D.L.
Subject:
Foot-and-mouth disease virus , disease transmission , foot-and-mouth disease , nucleotide sequences , genome , genetic variation , phenotypic variation , virulence , swine
Collection:
Journal Articles, USDA Authors, Peer-Reviewed
Year:
2007

4. Instability of the Magnaporthe oryzae avirulence gene AVR-Pita alters virulence

Description:
The avirulence gene AVR-Pita of Magnaporthe oryzae determines the efficacy of the resistance gene Pi-ta in rice. The structures of the AVR-Pita alleles in 39 US isolates of M. oryzae were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction. A series of allele-specific primers were developed from the AVR-Pita gene to examine the presence of AVR-Pita. Orthologous alleles of the AVR-Pita gene were amplified from avirulent isolates. Sequence analysis of five alleles revealed three introns at identical positions in the AVR-Pita gene. All five alleles were predicted to encode metalloprotease proteins highly similar to the AVR-Pita protein. In contrast, the same regions of the AVR-Pita alleles were not amplified in the most virulent isolates, and significant variations of DNA sequence at the AVR-Pita allele were verified by Southern blot analysis. A Pot3 transposon was identified in the DNA region encoding the putative protease motif of the AVR-Pita protein from a field isolate B2 collected from a Pi-ta-containing cultivar Banks. These findings show that transposons can contribute to instability of AVR-Pita and is one molecular mechanism for defeating resistance genes in rice cultivar Banks.
Author:
Zhou, E.X. , Jia, Y.L. , Singh, P. , Correll, J.C. , Lee, F.N.
Subject:
Magnaporthe , plant pathogenic fungi , genes , virulence , alleles , introns , DNA primers , polymerase chain reaction , nucleotide sequences , transposons , pathogenicity , blast disease , Oryza sativa , rice
Collection:
Journal Articles, USDA Authors, Peer-Reviewed
Year:
2007

5. Phylogenetic Diversity among Low-Virulence Newcastle Disease Viruses from Waterfowl and Shorebirds and Comparison of Genotype Distributions to Those of Poultry-Origin Isolates

Description:
Includes references
Author:
Kim, L.M. , King, D.J. , Curry, P.E. , Suarez, D.L. , Swayne, D.E. , Stallknecht, D.E. , Slemons, R.D. , Pedersen, J.C. , Senne, D.A. , Winker, K.
Subject:
Newcastle disease virus , strains , virulence , isolation , waterfowl , wild birds , chickens , phylogeny , genotype , reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction , genetic variation , genes , nucleotide sequences , viral proteins , United States
Collection:
Journal Articles, USDA Authors, Peer-Reviewed
Year:
2007

6. Recent transcontinental sweep of Toxoplasma gondii driven by a single monomorphic chromosome

Description:
Includes references
Author:
Khan, A. , Fux, B. , Su, C. , Dubey, J.P. , Darde, M.L. , Ajioka, J.W. , Rosenthal, B.M. , Sibley, L.D.
Subject:
Toxoplasma gondii , chromosomes , genetic variation , geographical variation , evolution , introns , nucleotide sequences , virulence , toxoplasmosis , mice , disease transmission , population genetics , phylogeny , population structure , adaptive radiation , North America , South America , Europe
Collection:
Journal Articles, USDA Authors, Peer-Reviewed
Year:
2007

7. Species-Specific Identification of Penicillium Linked to Patulin Contamination

Description:
Includes references
Author:
Dombrink-Kurtzman, M.A. , McGovern, A.E.
Subject:
foods , grain crops , food grains , yams , soil , food crops , toxigenic strains , Penicillium , Penicillium expansum , secondary metabolites , patulin , virulence , genes , biochemical pathways , polymerase chain reaction , nucleotide sequences , enzymes , molds (fungi) , Penicillium griseofulvum , apple juice , food pathogens , food contamination
Collection:
Journal Articles, USDA Authors, Peer-Reviewed
Year:
2007