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A radioassay-based approach to investigate fate and transformation of conjugated and free estrogens in an agricultural soil

Abstract::
Estrogens are endocrine-disruptors towards aquatic species, and are excreted at high levels as conjugates from humans and animals. Radioassay-based approaches for environmental fate studies have been frequently conducted for pesticides; however, such techniques have not been exploited for estrogen conjugates. We describe a simple, robust, and high recovery approach to investigate the fate of a prototype estrogen conjugate, i.e. 17B-estradiol-3-glucuronide (E2-3G), and its metabolites (free estrogens) in a batch study without the need for enzymatic cleavage and/or complicating derivatization. E2-3G and its metabolites were baseline resolved in a single run using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and quantified by liquid scintillation counting of the HPLC effluents. Transformation of E2-3G and the disposition of the metabolites 17B-estradiol and estrone into aqueous, sorbed, and gaseous phases were adequately accounted for in the soil-water batch system. High mass balances ranging from 99.0 to 114.1% were obtained. Although the method gave lower sensitivity (parts per billion) than high resolution mass spectrometry (parts per trillion), it offers sufficient resolution and peculiar advantages to mass spectrometry in studying the fate of labile estrogen conjugates in dirty, environmental matrices, including the relatively low-cost and availability of the instrumentation employed, and ease of analyte detection.
Author(s):
Suman L. Shrestha , Francis X. M. Casey , Heldur Hakk , G. Padmanabhan
Subject(s):
agricultural soils , conjugated estrogens , derivatization , environmental fate , estrone , high performance liquid chromatography , instrumentation , mass spectrometry , metabolites , prototypes , soil pollution
Source:
Environmental Engineering Science 2013 v.30 no.2
Language:
English
Year:
2013
Collection:
Journal Articles, USDA Authors, Peer-Reviewed
File:
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Rights:
Works produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted.