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Development of anammox process for animal waste treatment: experiences in Brazil
- Abstract::
- The isolation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria adapted to animal wastewater environments can be of significant importance to farming systems, because excess ammonia in modern, industrial-type livestock production is a global problem, and the use of conventional biological nitrogen (n) removal methods is usually hindered by cost; thus, we think that the more economical anammox based treatment can greatly facilitate adoption of advanced wastewater treatment technologies by farmers. research was conducted to develop process applications for anammox bacteria acclimated to animal wastewater conditions using microbial immobilization techniques. Traditionally, removal of N from wastewater uses a combination of nitrification and denitrification. Nitrification consumes large amounts of oxygen to convert NH4+ into nitrate (NO3-), while denitrification requires addition of organic carbon to convert NO3- into N2 gas. The sludges containing anammox bacteria were obtained from a swine farm in Santa Catarina, Brazil. The sludges were obtained from sediment in an old (inactive) anaerobic lagoon used to treat swine manure. Laboratory bioreactors were seeded with the manure sludges after acclimation with nitrate solution to remove endogenous carbon. A distinct red biomass growth, which is typical of the anammox planctomycete bacteria, developed in the reactors. Under these conditions and protocol, it took about 75 days for the anammox reaction to develop from farm sludges. As biomass carrier, the reactors used a net type acryl-resin fiber material designed to enhance retention of microorganisms. These findings overall may lead to development of more economical treatment systems for livestock wastewater and other effluents containing high ammonia concentration.
- Author(s):
-
Kunz, Airton , Vanotti, Matias , Szogi, Ariel , Garcia, Mari Cruz , Schierholt Neto, Guilherme Francisco , Soares, Hugo Moreira
- Subject(s):
-
wastewater treatment , animal manure management , anaerobic conditions , ammonia , oxidation , immobilized cells , bacteria , nitrogen , nitrification , denitrification , swine , waste lagoons , sediments , biomass , duration , resins , bioreactors , pig manure , Brazil
- Description:
- Includes references
- Language:
- English
- Year:
- 2007
- Publisher:
- St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007.
- Collection:
-
Journal Articles, USDA Authors, Peer-Reviewed
- File:
-
Download [PDF]
- Rights:
- Works produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted.
